The Modern World War has been one of the important turning points in global history. When we talk about “world wars,” we often refer to the two major conflicts that undergirded the 20th century: World War I (1914-1918) and World War II (1939-1945). These two wars not only reshaped the map of global power, but also changed the social, political and economic aspects of many countries. World War I began as a result of tensions between major powers and alliances formed in the previous decades. The collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and conflict in the Balkans created an atmosphere that led to war. During the war, new military technologies such as tanks, airplanes, and chemical weapons emerged. This conflict ended with the Treaty of Versailles, which not only imposed harsh punishments on Germany, but also created discontent that led to World War II. World War II, often considered a continuation of previous conflicts, involved many countries around the world. The main causes of the war included the expansionist ambitions of Germany under Adolf Hitler as well as the rise of fascism in Italy and Japan. Military technology is increasingly advanced, with bombers, aircraft carriers and nuclear weapons becoming game changers in the conflict. This war ended with the fall of Berlin and the surrender of Japan after the atomic bomb attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The impact of these two wars was profound. Politically, many countries experienced regime changes, and the world map was rezoned according to the results of peace agreements. The world economy has also taken a hit, with many countries struggling to recover. In a social context, these two wars caused mass migration, as well as changes in societal structure and gender roles. Additionally, the Cold War emerged as a result of World War II, dividing the world into two competing blocs: the western bloc led by the United States and the eastern bloc led by the Soviet Union. These tensions resulted in a number of smaller-scale conflicts in various parts of the world, from Korea to Vietnam. The Modern World War created international institutions such as the United Nations, aimed at preventing similar conflicts in the future. Multilateral values ​​and diplomacy became a major focus in international relations after the war. Overall, Modern World War embraces the monumental challenges faced by humanity. Understanding this history is critical to preventing the same mistakes from being repeated in the future. With each generation, it is important to continue to learn from these bitter experiences and keep global peace maintained.